Quiz #14

3 October 2011

S.I. Session 14 Quiz

This quiz covers material from the lecture on Friday, September 30^th.

Part a) Match the term to its definition:

                TERMS:

a)Absolute Dating                            b)Mass Extinctions          c) Paleozoic

d)Sequence Stratigraphy              e)Isochron                          f)Cenozoic

g)Radioactive Decay                       h)Half Life                           i) Mesozoic

                DEFINITIONS:

1)__Major boundaries in the geologic time scale represent these.

                                2)__This is the earliest third of the geologic time scale, its name means “old life”.

3)__A geological reconstruction based on analyzing seismic imaging data.

4)__This is an intrinsic property of an isotope and is independent of pressure and temperature.

5) __This process involves a parent atom emitting an electron and a daughter atom producing a proton.

6)__ This is the middle third of the geologic time scale, its name means “middle life”.

7)__This is based on the decay of unstable radioactive isotopes, discovered by Becquerel in Paris in 1896.

8)__ This is the latest third of the geologic time scale, its name means “new life”.

                9)__ Minerals of the same age can be plotted on this line.

Part b) Short Answer

1)      If the ratio of parent to daughter material in a rock is originally 1000:100, what will the ratio of parent to daughter material be after 3 half-lives?

2)      If there are originally 32,000 grams of parent material in a rock sample, and the half-life of this parent material is 16,000 years, then after how many years will there be only 2,000 grams of parent material left?

3)      In question 2, how much daughter material is present at the end of all of the elapsed half-lives?

Part c) True or False:

                Mark T (true) or F (false) in the blank provided:

                                1)__The rate of radioactive decay is measured by the half-life.

2)__Half-life is defined as the amount of time it takes for the parent material in a radioactive sample to double.

3)__The isotope strontium 86 is radioactive.

4)__Earth’s oldest material is a Zircon crystal that is 4.4 billion years old and is located in Australia.

5)__The geologic time scale was derived from the fossil record.

6)__The preserved rock record is 90% complete, unconformities represent gaps in the rock record.

7)__The sequence stratigraphy technique is used in the Gulf of Mexico to find deeply buried oil and gas.

Quiz #13

29 September 2011

S.I. Session 13 Quiz

This quiz covers material from the lecture on Wednesday, September 28^th.

Part a) Match the term to its definition:

                TERMS:

a)Paleontology                                 b)William Smith                                c) Original Horizontality

d)Unconformity                                               e)Fossils                               f)William Shakespeare

g)Angular Unconformity                               h)Rock Formations          i) Superposition

                DEFINITIONS:

1)__The study of fossils.

                                2)__A gap in the geologic record that represents a passage of time.

3)__lower metamorphic rocks have been folded by tectonic processes, and then eroded to a horizontal surface, followed by the deposition of overlying sediment.

4)__These can be matched and correlated in age over great distances.

5) __Traces of living organisms that are preserved in the geologic record.

6)__This man created a general map of geologic strata in England and Wales in 1793.

7)__This geologic principle states that sediment is first laid down in horizontal layers before any geologic processes affect it.

8)__This geologic principle states that younger rocks typically overlie older rocks.

Part b) Draw and label a normal fault, reverse fault, and a transform fault:

Part c) True or False:

                Mark T (true) or F (false) in the blank provided:

                                1)__Older rocks are generally deposited after younger rocks.

2)__Formations with the same fossils are the same age.

3)__Fossils are sometimes found in igneous or high grade metamorphic rocks.

4)__Geologic processes only occur over millions of years.

5)__Cross cutting relationships (like faults) hinder relative dating.

6)__There are age gaps present in the geologic record.

Quiz #12

27 September 2011

S.I. Session 12 Quiz

This quiz covers material from the lecture on Monday, September 26^th.

Part a) Match the term to its definition:

                TERMS:

a)Shale                                                 b)Basin                 c) Compressive

d)Tensional Tectonics                    e)Dome                               f)Joint

g)Tensional                                         h)Anticline          i)Syncline

                DEFINITIONS:

1)__This rock does not permit the transmission of fluids, it has low porosity and is referred to as a good trapping rock.

                                2)__These geologic structures fold upwards.

3)__Geologic structure created by subsidence due to overlying sediment.

4)__These forces bend rocks into curved shapes.

5) __These geologic structures fold downwards.

6)__This geologic structure is created when sediments are eroded over an igneous intrusion.

7)__This is a rock fracture without movement along the fracture plane.

8)__These forces cause normal faulting.

9)__Continental rifting occurs because of this process.

Part b) Draw a picture of continental rifting. Label the upper crust, lower crust, and brittle-ductile transition:

Part c) True or False:

                Mark T (true) or F (false) in the blank provided:

                                1)__Compression forces cause folding.

2)__Folds are exclusively small in scale.

3)__At a left bend in a right lateral transform fault, compressive forces are present.

4)__Older rocks lying above younger rocks is a sign of compressive tectonics.

5)__Oil and gas sink to the bottom of geologic formations.

6)__ The San Andreas fault is a left lateral strike slip fault.

Quiz #11

26 September 2011

S.I. Session 11 Quiz

This quiz covers material from the lecture on Friday, September 23^rd.

Part a) Match the term to its definition:

                TERMS:

a)Thrust fault                     b)Dip                                     c) Fault Plane Fracture Zones

d)Reverse Fault                                e)Normal Fault                  f) Strike-Slip Fault

g) Strike and dip               h)Maps                                                i)Strength

                DEFINITIONS:

1)__This is always perpendicular to strike.

                                2)__These show simplified geologic structures beneath a thin surface cover.

3)__This is a measurement of how much force a rock (or any object) can withstand without breaking.

4)__This is a form of brittle failure, tension tends to stretch the rock and pull it apart.

5) __Valuable mineral deposits typically build up here.

6)__This is a low angle reverse fault that has undergone more than 50 meters of movement.

7)__ This is a form of brittle failure, compression forces dominate and the hanging wall rides up over the footwall.

8)__ This is a form of brittle failure, shear forces dominate. A good example of this type of occurrence is the San Andreas fault.

9)__ Geologists use this to describe the orientation of a rock formation in three-dimensional space.

Part b) Name the three forces that deform rocks at plate boundaries:

Part c) True or False:

                Mark T (true) or F (false) in the blank provided:

                                1)__ Water flows up dip.

2)__Dip is always parallel to strike.

3)__The scale on a typical regional map is 1 : 1,000,000.

4)__Marble is metamorphosed limestone.

5)__Fault planes in nature tend to have some kind of curvature.

6)__The terms “hanging wall” and “foot wall” stem from the mining industry.

7) __ The low angle of a thrust fault inhibits fault movement.

8) __ Strike is a horizontal line on an inclined plane.

General Info

Hello students in Dr. Everett's Geology 101 class! This blog is where I will keep all of the quizzes I make. I take each lecture that Dr. Everett gives and turn it into a quiz. The lecture that the quiz applies to will be noted at the top of the quiz. Feel free to print the quizzes off and bring them to S.I.. I will be making these all semester, for every lecture. Quizzes 1 through 10 were covered on test one. Check back often, there will be new quizzes up every week!

Remember, my S.I. sessions are every week on Mondays, Tuesdays, and Thursdays from eight to nine pm in Blocker room 121. They are completely free, and we will discuss the current quizzes there. I cannot give you the answers to these quizzes directly, but you shouldn't have much trouble finding the solutions in your notes or textbook. If you have any questions, please come to my sessions or find me in lecture. I sit towards the front of the room, usually in the first three rows.

Your S.I. leader,
Garrett McKercher

Quiz #10 Part 2

19 September 2011

S.I. Session 10 Quiz #2

This quiz covers material from the lecture on Monday, September 19^th.

Part a) Match the term to its definition:

                TERMS:

a)Porphyroblasts             b)Garnet                                             c) Foliations

d)Gneiss                              e)Shock Metamorphism                               f)Contact Metamorphism

g)Granoblastic                   h)Blueschist                                       i) Exhumation

                DEFINITIONS:

1)__ This is typically caused by a meteor impact and it usually leaves a visible pattern in the minerals.

2)__ These are bands of minerals and oriented perpendicular or at some angle to the bedding planes.

3)__ This type of rock does not have foliations since they form without directed pressure.

4)__ These rocks are associated with subduction zones and are formed as the result of high pressure and low temperature.

5) __This rock acts as a pressure/temperature recording device. The oldest part of the crystal is at the center, and the youngest part of the crystal is at the outer edge.

6)__ In this process, a rock is carried towards the earth’s surface.

7)__These are stable minerals growing in a recrystallizing matrix (a good example is a garnet crystal growing in a schist matrix).

8)__This occurs when magma heats up the surrounding rock to the point where the mineral composition of the rock changes, but the rock does not melt.

9)__ This metamorphic rock has characteristic light and dark bands of minerals.

Part b) Put the following metamorphic rocks in order from highest grade to lowest grade of metamorphism:

1)      Slate                              4)Phyllite

2)      Migmatite                   5)Gneiss

3)      Schist

Part c) True or False:

                Mark T (true) or F (false) in the blank provided:

1)__Pure marble has foliations.

2)__Metamorphic rocks can experience prograde and retrograde pressure and temperature paths.

3)__Metamorphic geologists carefully note the mineral assemblages to estimate the maximum pressures and temperatures of the geologic environment where the rock formed.

4)__Rocks enriched in mafic material are generally lighter in color than felsic rocks.

5)__Asbestos and serpentine commonly form at the interaction of magma and water.

6)__The banding and folding of metamorphic rocks indicate the heat and pressure that has been applied to the rocks.

Quiz #10

19 September 2011

S.I. Session 10 Quiz

This quiz covers material from the lecture on Friday, September 16^th.

Part a) Match the term to its definition:

                TERMS:

a)Diagenesis                      b)Rudists                                             c)Carbonate

d)Reefs                                                e) Compaction                                  f)Sandstone

g)Volcanic Islands            h) Maturation                                    i) Evaporites

                DEFINITIONS:

1)__This process takes sediment from 50 to 60 percent water to 10 to 20 percent water.

                                2)__Organic matter within the sediments is transformed into oil and gas in this process.

3)__These tend to submerge because they are cooling.

4)__These are ancient reef building organisms.

5) __This rock is a very good oil reservoirs and aquifers.

6)__Limestone and chalk are this kind of rock.

7)__Formations that form as seawater evaporates.

8)__Fragile ecosystems that record past environmental change.

9)__ The physical and chemical changes that occur at elevated temperatures and pressures.

Part b) Match the grain size to its name:

Names  :              

a)Clay                    b) Sand                 c) Silt                     d) Gravel

Sizes:

                                1)__       .06 to 2mm

                                2)__       less than .004 mm

                                3)__       greater than 2mm

                                4)__       .004 to .006mm

Part c) True or False:

                Mark T (true) or F (false) in the blank provided:

1)__After a large amount of temperature and pressure is applied to them, diatoms can eventually become oil and gas.

2)__Porosity becomes less and less as sedimentary rocks are lithified.

3)__Temperature decreases as depth increases at about 30 degrees Celsius per kilometer.

4)__Gypsum and Halite crystals form where there is good saltwater input, poor freshwater input, and a good amount of evaporation taking place.

5)__ High grade metamorphic rocks are exposed to lower amounts of heat and pressure than low grade metamorphic rocks.

6)__Water slows down metamorphic reactions.

7) __ The pressure in the upper mantle is equivalent to 20,000 bars.

8) __ Under high temperature and pressure, mud becomes conglomerate.

9) __ Geophysicists use seismic waves to obtain images of rock formations and oil traps.