Quiz #36

6 December 2011

S.I. Session 36 Quiz

This quiz covers material from the lecture on Friday, December 2^nd when Dr. Everett discussed the 10 old figures that will be covered on the final exam.

Part a) Match the term to its definition:

                TERMS:

a)Granite                             b)Lithification                    c)Pyroclasts

d)Permeability                  e)Rhyolite                           f)Marine Magnetic Anomalies

g)Diagenesis                      h)Foliations                        i)Basalt

j)Gabbro                              k)Geotherm                       w)Compaction

x)Porphyritic                      y)Cementation                 z)Porosity

                DEFINITIONS:

1)__Throughout this process, the precipitation of minerals binds particles together.

2)__Extremely fast cooling material ejected from a volcano, includes ash, bombs, and pumice.

3)__Geophysical evidence for seafloor spreading.

4)__An extrusive felsic rock.

5) __An extrusive mafic rock, also this rock bears iron and is weakly magnetic.

6)__An intrusive mafic rock.

7)__An intrusive felsic rock.

8)__The process by which sediments are converted into sedimentary rock.

9)__Void fraction of a rock.

10)__These metamorphic rock features are oriented perpendicular to the original bedding planes and to the compressive stress.

11)__The earth is molten at locations where this line lies to the right of the melting curve.

12)__This process squeezes water out of sediment (typically takes sediment from 50-60% water content to 10-20% water content).

13)__The physical and chemical changes that affect sediment when it is exposed to elevated temperatures and pressures.

14)__An igneous texture that occurs as the result of mixed fast and slow cooling of magma, contains both large grains and small grains.

15)__The ability to transmit fluids.

Part b) Match the volcano type to its description:

               

VOLCANOES:

                                a)Shield Volcano              b)Volcanic Dome              c)Cinder Cone

                                d)Stratovolcano                                e)Caldera

               

DESCRIPTIONS:

1)__Small, occur in groups, made up of ejected pyroclastic particles the size of peas or walnuts (Ex. Cerro Negro, Nicaragua).

2)__A violent eruption empties a magma chamber, which then can’t support the overlying rock. It collapses, leaving a steep basin (Ex. Crater Lake, Oregon).

3)__Alternating layers of lava flows and pyroclastic particles, 100’s of eruptions over time (Ex. Mount Fuji, Japan).

4)__Gentle flow, gentle slope, many layers, basaltic (Ex. Mauna Loa, Hawaii)

5)__Felsic, lava piles up over the vent, explosive (Ex. Mt. St. Helens).

Part c) What are the three types of seismic waves? How do they affect the particles in the medium that they travel through? What are their speeds relative to one another?

Part d) True or False:

                Mark T (true) or F (false) in the blank provided:

1)__Positive magnetic rocks cooled when the earth’s geomagnetic field was in “normal” polarity.

2)__Minerals in a rock can rotate within a rock to relieve pressure on themselves and the rock.

3)__Cemented, poorly sorted sandstone is a good reservoir rock.

4)__The earth is molten where the geotherm lies to the right of the melting curve.

5)__Nitrogen in the atmosphere allows the earth to trap heat.

6)__A fractured shale is a good reservoir rock.

7)__Terrain accretion explains the geological diversity on the west coast of America.

8)__Under elevated temperatures and pressures, mud can become conglomerate.

Quiz #35

1 December 2011

S.I. Session 35 Quiz

This quiz covers material from the lecture on Wednesday, November 30^th.

Part a) Match the term to its definition:

                TERMS:

a)Coal                                                   b)Renewable Resources                               c)Sandstone

d)Nonrenewable Resources       e)Shale                                                 f)Carbon Dioxide

g)Reserves                                         h)Greenhouse Gases                     i)Industrial Revolution

                DEFINITIONS:

1)__The amount of this gas in the atmosphere has increased by 40 percent sice the industrial revolution.

2)__Sunlight and biomass are two examples of these.

3)__Burial and regional metamorphism generate higher grades of this rock.

4)__After this event in history the earth’s population skyrocketed .

5) __Oil and coal are two examples of these.

6)__Oil forms in source beds, which are typically composed of this rock.

7)__Oil forms in source beds and then moves to reservoirs, which are typically composed of this rock.

8)__The recent rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide was likely caused by anthropogenic ____________.

9)__This is the term we give to natural resources that have been discovered and are recoverable today.

Part b) Draw the climate projection graph that plots time vs. temperature for the following economic scenarios:

1)      Business as usual (Current rates of fossil fuel usage are unchanged)

2)      Balance of fossil fuel usage and renewable energy

3)      Aggressive Shift to clean efficient fuels.

Part c) True or False:

                Mark T (true) or F (false) in the blank provided:

1)__The United States coal reserves are sufficient enough to last for hundreds of years, even at current rates of usage.

2)__According to Hubbert’s oil production graph, US oil production peaked in the 1970’s and has steadily declined since.

3)__According to a U.S. Energy consumption report taken in 2007, the United States overall energy efficiency rate is 39 percent.

4)__World oil production is expected to peak in 2011.

5)__Today, construction workers move more earth than all natural erosion processes.

Quiz #34

29 November 2011

S.I. Session 34 Quiz

This quiz covers material from the lecture on Monday, November 28^th.

Part a) Match the term to its definition:

                TERMS:

a)Mesa                                 b)Badland                           c)Stream Valley Shape

d)Davis                                 e)Goodland                        f)Geomorphology

g)Relief                                                h)Hack                                  i)Penck

                DEFINITIONS:

1)__The study of landscapes and there development over time.

2)__Deeply gullied landscape of erodible shales and clays.

3)__In this classic model of landscape development, uplift is followed by erosion.

4)__ In this classic model of landscape development, landscape attains a dynamic equilibrium.

5) __Flat topped stack of erosion resistant beds.

6)__The difference between the highest and lowest elevation in an area.

7)__ In this classic model of landscape development, erosion competes with uplift.

8)__This is a result of a balance between stream power and resistance to erosion.

Part b) How can a geological formations resistance to erosion be increased?

Part c) True or False:

                Mark T (true) or F (false) in the blank provided:

                                1)__Widespread contour lines on a topographic map represent a steep slope.

2)__In a river travelling over steep terrain, sediments rapidly accumulate.

3)__In a river travelling over flat terrain, sediments are easily transported.

4)__Rivers cannot erode tough, hard bedrock.

5)__The Tibetan plateau has a very low elevation, but a very high relief.

6)__The Dead Sea has a very high elevation and a very low relief.

7)__Contour maps show geomorphology.

8)__Rates of erosion cannot be determined.